What is GMRS?
The General Mobile Radio Service (GMRS) is a UHF two-way radio service in the United States designed for personal and family use. It allows for higher power, longer range, and more advanced features than the license-free Family Radio Service (FRS). GMRS is regulated by the Federal Communications Commission (FCC) and requires an individual license.
Key Features of GMRS
- License Required: Users must obtain an FCC license (valid for 10 years and covers the whole family; no test required).
- Higher Power: GMRS radios can legally transmit up to 50 watts on certain channels, although most handhelds operate around 1–5 watts.
- Repeater Access: GMRS allows the use of repeaters to significantly extend communication range.
- Detachable Antennas: Mobile and base station GMRS radios may have removable antennas for custom configurations.
- Channel Access: Uses 30 channels total — 22 shared with FRS and 8 exclusive repeater channels.
GMRS vs. FRS
| Feature | GMRS | FRS |
|---|---|---|
| License Required | Yes (no test; $35 for 10 years) | No |
| Max Power Output | Up to 50 watts | Up to 2 watts |
| Repeaters Allowed | Yes | No |
| Detachable Antenna | Yes | No |
| Channel Access | 30 channels (22 shared + 8 repeater) | 22 shared only |
Common Uses of GMRS
- Off-Road and Overlanding: Popular with 4×4, Jeep, and ATV communities for its rugged range and reliability.
- Emergency Preparedness: Offers strong and flexible communication options for family safety plans.
- Rural Property and Farm Use: Helps coordinate work and security across large areas.
- Family and Group Communication: Ideal for multi-car road trips, camping, or community coordination.
Repeater Capability
One of GMRS’s most powerful features is its ability to use repeaters, which receive a signal on one frequency and retransmit it on another. This can extend communication range to dozens of miles, especially in rural or elevated areas.
How to Get a GMRS License
- Visit the FCC’s Universal Licensing System: https://www.fcc.gov/wireless/universal-licensing-system
- Create an FCC Registration Number (FRN)
- Apply for a GMRS license and pay the fee (currently $35 for 10 years)
- Once approved, your call sign is issued — no exam required
Legal and Technical Notes
- GMRS radios must be FCC Part 95 certified
- No commercial use is allowed — GMRS is strictly for personal or family communication
- Transmitting on GMRS frequencies without a license can result in fines
GMRS is a robust and accessible radio service for individuals and families who need more range and flexibility than FRS can offer. With its support for high power, repeaters, and mobile/base station setups, GMRS bridges the gap between simple walkie-talkies and more advanced radio systems like amateur radio.